Bot Army: Why the Kremlin Fails at Soft Power

Kremlin bot activity looked less like successful soft power than a domestic political tactic built around noise, intimidation, and simulated consensus. Russian online influence appears here as infrastructure, not just messaging.

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Related topic

• How Putin quietly took over Russian social media — Global Voices • 2015-01-30

Related section

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Same period

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Timeline in this language

• Newer: Do Revolutions Grow Out of Social Media? — Carnegie Endowment • 2015-10-22
• Older: What Sparked Moldova's Second Maidan? — Carnegie Endowment • 2015-05-25

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